Prison Population in India 358,177 (2006)

States / UT	Prisoners	%	Convicts	Under Trial	Jails	Capacity	Women	Children < 5
Total	358,177		107,857	250,320	1,312	248,439	13,936	1,737
Uttar Pradesh	56,718	16%	11,978	44,740	60	34,446	1,343	251
Bihar	45,628	13%	5,609	40,019	55	22,032	1,322	94
Madhya Pradesh	31,382	8.8%	14,391	16,991	116	18,566	817	137
Maharashtra	26,388	7.4%	9,727	16,661	210	20,292	1,325	151
Tamil Nadu	20,687	5.8%	7,463	13,224	133	18,152	1,609	75
Jharkand	18,803	5.3%	5,292	13,511	26	5,945	698	120
West Bengal	18,243	5.1%	3,871	14,372	53	19,722	1,266	410
Punjab	14,990	4.2%	4,912	10,078	26	11,274	776	86
Andhra Pradesh	14,536	4.1%	4,992	9,544	127	12,339	884	68
Orissa	13,958	3.9%	4,196	9,762	70	9,167	430	54
Rajasthan	13,639	3.8%	5,702	7,937	104	15,843	419	46
Haryana	12,443	3.5%	4,786	7,657	19	10,587	515	43
Delhi	12,317	3.4%	2,526	9,791	10	6,250	487	38
Karnataka	11,779	3.3%	4,096	7,683	97	9,271	448	19
Gujarat	10,919	3.1%	4,487	6,432	23	5,453	383	31
Chhattisgarh	9,808	2.7%	4,300	5,508	27	4,563	423	53
Assam	8,475	2.4%	3,475	5,000	27	6,357	211	26
Kerala	6,670	1.9%	2,809	3,861	39	5,239	203	14
Uttarkhand	2,343		765	1,578	9	1,763	48	4
Jammu & Kashmir	1,758		221	1,537	13	3,100	67	4
Tripura	1,406		750	656	11	1,065	39	1
Himachal Pradesh	1,168		639	529	13	972	38	0
Mizoram	826		165	661	6	1,004	75	9
Nagaland	625		141	484	10	1,160	20	0
Meghalaya	553		42	511	4	520	12	0
Chandigarh	455		84	371	1	1,000	26	2
Goa	430		138	292	5	356	17	1
Manipur	426		31	395	2	1,090	19	0
Pondicherry	288		119	169	4	305	6	0
Andaman & Nicobar	225		66	159	4	309	4	0
Sikkim	195		73	122	1	121	5	0
Daman & Diu	47		11	36	2	120	1	0
Dadar & Nagar Haveli	43		0	43	1	40	0	0
Lakshadweep	6		0	6	4	16	0	0
Arunachal (No Jail)	0		0	0	0	0	0	0

OMGFacts

India, 2006: 32 Prisoners per 100,000
US, 2008: 754 Prisoners per 100,000

Arunachal Pradesh did not have a jail till Nov 2009 (source)